Alcohol Abuse Treatment - Alcohol Rehab Directory

Local Time in Columbia is

Columbia, South Dakota Population:

Columbia, South Dakota has a population of 140 as of 2000.

Population Breakdown in Columbia, South Dakota:

Caucasian - 138
African American - 0
Hispanic - 0
Other - 2

Columbia, SD. Education Information:

Columbia had a total of 44 high school graduates in 2000.
Columbia, SD. has a total of 13 college graduates with a bachelor's degree
or higher and 37 people with some college education. (Includes
Associates Degree)

Columbia Family Info Breakdown:

Columbia has a total of 3 single parents with children.
There are also 14 parents who are married with children in Columbia, South Dakota.

Columbia, South Dakota Housing Breakdown:

Columbia has 60 houses that are owner occupied.
Columbia has 5 houses that are renter-occupied.
Around 9 houses are vacant in Columbia, South Dakota.
$32,500 is the average value of a house in Columbia, SD.
$425 is the average cost to rent a house in Columbia.

Columbia, South Dakota Income Information:

The average income per family is $27,813 in Columbia.


Zip codes in Columbia
57433


Area codes in Columbia
605

Map of Columbia, South Dakota :

Name
Phone
Email
CityColumbia
StateSouth Dakota
Person Seeking Treatment Age
Is Person Looking for Treatment?Yes No
More Information
Preferred Contact Method?Phone Email


Will Alcohol Abuse Treatment in Columbia Help Me?


A Columbia Alcohol Treatment Center is a vital step needed to recover from alcohol abuse. Not only do Alcoholism Treatment and Alcohol Detoxification Facilities help the individual to stop alcohol use but effective Alcoholism Treatment and Alcohol Detox Facilities in Columbia help to repair all aspects of life such as self esteem, values, responsibility, ethics and morals as well as improve functioning with family, workplace, and community. While attending a Alcohol Treatment Facility and Alcohol Detox Facility in Columbia recovering alcohol addicts learn about alcohol recovery and relapse while sorting out and working through underlying issues, traumas and transgressions. Attending a Columbia Alcohol Rehabilitation Facility helps the recovering alcohol abuser learn life skills, coping skills make lifestyle changes. In addition, they learn to identify warning signs of relapse and "triggers" in order to avoid relapse.

It is common for those having problems with alcohol abuse to have self-esteem issues and feel powerless over their addiction. Some Alcohol Rehabilitation and Alcohol Detoxification Centers in Columbia focus on repairing self-esteem and self confidence. Individuals gain a sense of power and regain abilities to be in control of their life and the decisions they make. They are able to refuse unhealthy, addictive behaviors and easily make positive healthy decisions that promote a productive alcohol free lifestyle.

Keep in mind that Alcohol Treatment and Alcohol Detoxification Facilities in Columbia differ in treatment methods, program lengths, staff qualifications, and credentials, therefore, no single Columbia Alcohol Rehabilitation Program and Alcohol Detox Facility is appropriate for all individuals. Every situation is different and treatment needs vary depending on the severity of the problem. Therefore, it is important to match alcohol abuse treatment services to fit each individual's particular problems and needs. Choosing the correct Alcohol Rehabilitation Program and Alcohol Detoxification Center in Columbia that will address each individual's needs will provide the greatest chances of success and return the individual to productive functioning in the family, workplace, and society. If you or someone you care about is caught in the trap of alcohol abuse, then an Alcohol Rehab Facility and Alcohol Detox Facility in Columbia may be necessary in salvaging their life.




What is the Primary Focus of an Alcohol Rehab in Columbia?


The primary focus of an Alcohol Treatment Center in Columbia is not only to help the individual to stop drinking alcohol, but also to restore the person to productive functioning within their family, relationships, workplace and community. While attending an effective Alcohol Treatment Facility and Alcohol Detox Facility in Columbia the individual will learn life skills, coping skills, and work through underlying issues, trauma's and transgressions. They will be better able to cope with daily life and manage their thoughts, feelings and emotions.

The first focus of most Alcoholism Treatment and Alcohol Detoxification Facilities in Columbia is often alcohol detox where the individual is restored physically back to health. Various methods may be used to monitor, manage, and minimize alcohol withdrawal symptoms. Focus is then put on diet, nutrition, exercise and sleep until the individual is eating healthy meals regularly, sleeping regularly, has increased energy and feels healthy physically.

The next focus of an effective Alcohol Rehabilitation Facility in Columbia involves working to improve self-esteem and self-worth, heal core traumas, learn life-skills, gain control over addictive patterns and improve psychological health in addition to recovering from alcohol abuse. Counseling focuses on the symptoms of alcohol abuse, the individual and the structure of the individual's recovery program. It teaches coping strategies and tools for recovery.

The final focus of an effective Alcohol Rehabilitation Program and Alcohol Detox Facility in Columbia is to also to offer the individual the necessary tools to continue to remain alcohol-free once they have completed the rehab program and have re-entered into society. Clients will learn about addiction, recovery, relapse, and how to address misguided beliefs about self, others, and their environment. In addition, they learn to identify relapse warning signs and methods to challenge thoughts that may lead to relapse.




What Types of Rehab are Available for Alcohol Abuse in Columbia?


When searching for an Alcohol Treatment Center in Columbia it is imperative to select the correct type of Alcohol Treatment Facility and Alcohol Detox Facility in Columbia that will address your specific treatment needs. For most people, alcohol abuse and addiction is largely misunderstood and as a result, people often make improper choices as to which type of Alcohol Rehabilitation Facility in Columbia they should consider, therefore they often receive inadequate treatment. When alcohol abuse has become a central aspect of life for yourself or your loved one, time is essential. You must quickly educate yourself about the many different types of Alcoholism Treatment and Alcohol Detoxification Facilities available in Columbia.

Most Alcoholism Treatment and Alcohol Detox Facilities in Columbia will offer a variety of services but often they will be categorized as a specific treatment type. There are many alcohol treatment types available including, out-patient alcohol treatment, inpatient alcohol treatment, alcohol detox, short term alcohol treatment or long term alcohol treatment.

Outpatient Alcohol Treatment in Columbia

There are many outpatient Alcohol Rehabilitation and Alcohol Detoxification Centers in Columbia. Most consist of some form of education classes, support groups, and or individualized therapy where the alcohol user does not require overnight stay. This is a popular form of treatment because of it's flexibility especially for those who cannot take long periods of time to devote entirely to alcohol abuse treatment. These types of programs can be very useful to those in Columbia who must continue to work or attend school. Programs for outpatient treatment vary depending on the patient’s needs and the facility but they can consist simply of attending an community 12-step group, to a more structured outpatient program typically meeting a couple of times every week for a couple of hours at a time or, intensive out-patient(IOP) which consists of a highly structured group program that meets 3 to 5 days a week for a few hours at a time.

Attending outpatient treatment is different from inpatient treatment in that you are not under constant supervision, you still live at home and requires strict self discipline. For those who fear they may give in to the temptation of alcohol in the early stages of treatment, inpatient residential treatment at a Columbia Alcohol Rehabilitation Program and Alcohol Detox Facility is recommended.

Inpatient Alcohol Treatment in Columbia

Individuals who feel their alcohol abuse has affected their lifestyle such as their family, friends, or work will benefit greatly from inpatient alcohol treatment. This form of treatment provides the recovering alcohol addict with support 24-hours a day. Additionally, removing the individual from their former surroundings helps them to adjust to living an alcohol-free lifestyle. The benefits of inpatient treatment also include the reduced likelihood of the individual using alcohol while in treatment as well as highly structured days.

Inpatient treatment can take place in a variety of locations. Many first think of hospitals or similar accommodations, however, this is not always the case. Inpatient treatment takes place in residential settings as well. In fact, the preferred treatment environment of an inpatient Alcohol Rehabilitation Program and Alcohol Detoxification Center in Columbia would be one that was is restrictive than a hospital, but has close supervision and structured days. Most of these types of SINGULER in Columbia offer supervised detoxification that may involve medication in a hospital setting or social detoxification (i.e. no medication) in a non-hospital setting.

Columbia Alcohol Detox

Alcohol Detox in Columbia is where the recovery process begins. Quitting alcohol abuse can initially be very uncomfortable and withdrawal symptoms often occur. Alcohol withdrawal symptoms can be life threatening in some cases so it is important to seek care in a Columbia alcohol detox facility where medical professionals can manage and minimize the symptoms associated with drug or alcohol withdrawal under 24 hour care and supervision.

It is important to note that although alcohol detox plays a valuable role in the alcohol abuse recovery process, it is does NOT constitute a complete recovery. It is recommended that the alcohol abuser attends a Columbia Alcohol Rehab Facility and Alcohol Detox Facility after the initial alcohol detox process is complete.

Short Term Alcohol Treatment in Columbia

Short term Alcohol Treatment and Alcohol Detoxification Facilities in Columbia consist of inpatient treatment typically lasting 28 - 30 days or less. Short term Alcohol Rehabilitation Programs were originally designed to conform with insurance companies because many insurance carriers only cover a maximum of 28 to 30 days of substance abuse treatment. Unfortunately, it is impossible to predict with certainty that exactly "28 days" is the correct amount of time to recover from an alcohol abuse problem. In fact, in most cases this is not enough time for a successful lasting recovery.

Short term Alcohol Rehabilitation and Alcohol Detoxification Facilities in Columbia can be beneficial for those who have only been abusing alcohol for a short amount of time and the degree of alcohol abuse is relatively low. Short term Alcohol Treatment Programs in Columbia provide the alcohol abuser the opportunity to get away from their drinking patterns and for a short amount of time and focus on medical stabilization, abstinence, and lifestyle changes.

Long Term Alcohol Treatment in Columbia

Long term alcohol treatment, otherwise known as long term “Residential” alcohol treatment generally lasts anywhere from 3 to 12 months in a residential, non-hospital setting. Long term Alcoholism Treatment Facilities in Columbia use the program's entire "community," including other residents, staff, and the social context, as active components of treatment. Long term Alcohol Rehabilitation and Alcohol Detox Facilities in Columbia focus on developing personal accountability and responsibility and ethical productive lives. Long term Alcoholism Treatment and Alcohol Detoxification Centers in Columbia are highly structured with activities designed to help residents examine harmful beliefs, self-concepts, and patterns of behavior and to adopt new life skills, coping skills and constructive ways to interact with others.








Community Alcohol and Drug Center Inc
Community Alcohol and Drug Center Inc is a Alcohol Treatment Center located at 901 South Miller Street Mitchell, SD 57301
Community Alcohol and Drug Center Inc specializes in Teens, DUI / DWI, and Hearing Impaired. Community Alcohol and Drug Center Inc provides these types of treament : Substance Abuse Services, Detox, Halfway Housing, Residential Short Term Treatment, and Residential Long Term Treatment. Community Alcohol and Drug Center Inc accepts these payment options : Medicaid Insurance, Private Health Insurance, Self Pay, and Pay Assistance. Community Alcohol and Drug Center Inc is a Alcohol Treatment Facility and Alcohol Detox Facility that can be contacted at (605) 995-8180.



First Step Counseling Servs Brookings
First Step Counseling Servs Brookings is a Alcohol Rehabilitation Facility located at 7020 Sunset Road Brookings, SD 57006
First Step Counseling Servs Brookings specializes in DUI / DWI, and Hearing Impaired. First Step Counseling Servs Brookings provides these types of treament : Substance Abuse Services. First Step Counseling Servs Brookings accepts these payment options : Private Health Insurance, and Self Pay. First Step Counseling Servs Brookings is a Alcohol Rehabilitation Program and Alcohol Detox Facility that can be contacted at (605) 693-3629.



Our Home Inc
Our Home Inc is a Alcohol Rehabilitation Program and Alcohol Detoxification Center located at 40354 210th Street Huron, SD 57350
Our Home Inc specializes in Teens, Co-Occuring Mental Disorders and Substance Abuse, and Criminal Justice Clients. Our Home Inc provides these types of treament : Substance Abuse Services, Residential Short Term Treatment, and Residential Long Term Treatment. Our Home Inc accepts these payment options : Medicaid Insurance, Private Health Insurance, Military Insurance, and Self Pay. Our Home Inc is a Alcohol Rehab Facility and Alcohol Detox Facility that can be contacted at (605) 352-4368.



NADRIC Addiction Services
NADRIC Addiction Services is a Alcohol Treatment Facility located at 1400 15th Avenue NW Aberdeen, SD 57402
NADRIC Addiction Services specializes in Teens, DUI / DWI, and Hearing Impaired. NADRIC Addiction Services provides these types of treament : Substance Abuse Services, Detox, and Hospital / Medical Inpatient. NADRIC Addiction Services accepts these payment options : Medicaid Insurance, Medicare Insurance, Private Health Insurance, Military Insurance, and Self Pay. NADRIC Addiction Services is a Alcohol Rehabilitation Facility and Alcohol Detoxification Center that can be contacted at (605) 622-5690.



Community Counseling Services
Community Counseling Services is a Alcohol Rehabilitation Center located at 914 NE 3rd Street Madison, SD 57042
Community Counseling Services specializes in Teens, Co-Occuring Mental Disorders and Substance Abuse, and DUI / DWI. Community Counseling Services provides these types of treament : Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services. Community Counseling Services accepts these payment options : Private Health Insurance, Self Pay, Sliding Scale Fees, and Pay Assistance. Community Counseling Services is a Alcohol Treatment Facility and Alcohol Detox Center that can be contacted at (605) 256-9656.



Three Rivers Mental Health and
Three Rivers Mental Health and is a Alcohol Rehabilitation Program located at Speil Addition Eagle Butte, SD 57625
Three Rivers Mental Health and specializes in Teens, Co-Occuring Mental Disorders and Substance Abuse, and Senior / Over 50. Three Rivers Mental Health and provides these types of treament : Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services. Three Rivers Mental Health and accepts these payment options : Medicaid Insurance, Medicare Insurance, Private Health Insurance, Military Insurance, Self Pay, Sliding Scale Fees, and Pay Assistance. Three Rivers Mental Health and is a Alcohol Rehabilitation Program and Alcohol Detox Center that can be contacted at (605) 964-4210.



Community Counseling Services
Community Counseling Services is a Alcohol Rehab Facility and Alcohol Detoxification Center located at 357 Kansas SE Street Huron, SD 57350
Community Counseling Services specializes in Teens, Co-Occuring Mental Disorders and Substance Abuse, Women, DUI / DWI, and Spanish. Community Counseling Services provides these types of treament : Mental Health Treatment. Community Counseling Services accepts these payment options : Private Health Insurance, Self Pay, and Sliding Scale Fees. Community Counseling Services is a Alcoholism Treatment Facility that can be contacted at (605) 352-8596.



East Central Mental Health
East Central Mental Health is a Alcohol Rehabilitation Facility and Alcohol Detox Facility located at 211 4th Street Brookings, SD 57006
East Central Mental Health specializes in DUI / DWI, and Hearing Impaired. East Central Mental Health provides these types of treament : Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services. East Central Mental Health accepts these payment options : Private Health Insurance, and Self Pay. East Central Mental Health is a Alcohol Treatment Program and Alcohol Detoxification Facility that can be contacted at (605) 697-2850.



Choices Recovery Services LLC Mitchell
Choices Recovery Services LLC Mitchell is a Alcohol Rehab Center located at 728 North Kimball Street Mitchell, SD 57301
Choices Recovery Services LLC Mitchell specializes in DUI / DWI. Choices Recovery Services LLC Mitchell provides these types of treament : Substance Abuse Services. Choices Recovery Services LLC Mitchell accepts these payment options : Private Health Insurance, and Self Pay. Choices Recovery Services LLC Mitchell is a Alcohol Rehab Center and Alcohol Detox Center that can be contacted at (605) 996-1647.



Human Service Agency
Human Service Agency is a Alcohol Rehab Program located at 123 19th Street NE Watertown, SD 57201
Human Service Agency specializes in Teens, Co-Occuring Mental Disorders and Substance Abuse, Women, and DUI / DWI. Human Service Agency provides these types of treament : Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services. Human Service Agency accepts these payment options : Medicaid Insurance, Private Health Insurance, Self Pay, and Sliding Scale Fees. Human Service Agency is a Alcohol Rehab Facility and Alcohol Detox Center that can be contacted at (605) 886-0123.



Three Rivers Mental Health and
Three Rivers Mental Health and is a Alcohol Treatment Facility and Alcohol Detoxification Center located at 410 West Grand Crossing Mobridge, SD 57601
Three Rivers Mental Health and specializes in Teens, Pregnant Women, Women, DUI / DWI, Criminal Justice Clients, and Hearing Impaired. Three Rivers Mental Health and provides these types of treament : Substance Abuse Services. Three Rivers Mental Health and accepts these payment options : Private Health Insurance, Military Insurance, Self Pay, Sliding Scale Fees, and Pay Assistance. Three Rivers Mental Health and is a Alcohol Rehab Facility that can be contacted at (605) 845-7903.



Capital Area Counseling Service Inc
Capital Area Counseling Service Inc is a Alcohol Treatment Program located at 803 East Dakota Avenue Pierre, SD 57501
Capital Area Counseling Service Inc specializes in Teens, Women, Men, DUI / DWI, and Hearing Impaired. Capital Area Counseling Service Inc provides these types of treament : Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services. Capital Area Counseling Service Inc accepts these payment options : Medicaid Insurance, Private Health Insurance, Military Insurance, Self Pay, Sliding Scale Fees, and Pay Assistance. Capital Area Counseling Service Inc is a Alcoholism Treatment Program and Alcohol Detox Facility that can be contacted at (605) 224-5811.



Community Alcohol and Drug Center Inc
Community Alcohol and Drug Center Inc is a Alcoholism Treatment Program and Alcohol Detoxification Facility located at 200 South Paul Gust Road Chamberlain, SD 57325
Community Alcohol and Drug Center Inc specializes in Teens, and DUI / DWI. Community Alcohol and Drug Center Inc provides these types of treament : Substance Abuse Services. Community Alcohol and Drug Center Inc accepts these payment options : Medicaid Insurance, Private Health Insurance, Self Pay, and Sliding Scale Fees. Community Alcohol and Drug Center Inc is a Alcohol Rehabilitation Center and Alcohol Detox Center that can be contacted at (605) 734-5290.



Meritcare Health Systems
Meritcare Health Systems is a Alcohol Rehabilitation Facility and Alcohol Detox Center located at 720 4th Street North Fargo, ND 58102
Meritcare Health Systems specializes in Co-Occuring Mental Disorders and Substance Abuse. Meritcare Health Systems provides these types of treament : Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, Detox, Day Treatment Services, and Hospital / Medical Inpatient. Meritcare Health Systems accepts these payment options : Medicaid Insurance, Medicare Insurance, Private Health Insurance, Military Insurance, and Self Pay. Meritcare Health Systems is a Alcohol Rehabilitation Center and Alcohol Detox Facility that can be contacted at (701) 234-4088.



Share House
Share House is a Alcoholism Treatment Program located at 4227 9th Avenue SW Fargo, ND 58103
Share House specializes in Women, Men, DUI / DWI, and Hearing Impaired. Share House provides these types of treament : Substance Abuse Services, Halfway Housing, Day Treatment Services, Residential Short Term Treatment, Residential Long Term Treatment, and Hospital / Medical Inpatient. Share House accepts these payment options : Private Health Insurance, and Self Pay. Share House is a Alcohol Treatment Program and Alcohol Detoxification Center that can be contacted at (701) 282-6561.



Robert E Howe Ltd
Robert E Howe Ltd is a Alcohol Rehab Program and Alcohol Detoxification Facility located at 1445 1st Avenue North Fargo, ND 58102
Robert E Howe Ltd specializes in Teens, Co-Occuring Mental Disorders and Substance Abuse, and Criminal Justice Clients. Robert E Howe Ltd provides these types of treament : Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services. Robert E Howe Ltd accepts these payment options : Private Health Insurance, Military Insurance, and Self Pay. Robert E Howe Ltd is a Alcohol Rehab Center and Alcohol Detoxification Facility that can be contacted at (701) 261-8668.



Meritcare South University Chemical
Meritcare South University Chemical is a Alcohol Rehab Program and Alcohol Detox Facility located at 1720 South University Drive Fargo, ND 58103
Meritcare South University Chemical specializes in Hearing Impaired. Meritcare South University Chemical provides these types of treament : Substance Abuse Services, Detox, Day Treatment Services, and Hospital / Medical Inpatient. Meritcare South University Chemical accepts these payment options : Medicaid Insurance, Medicare Insurance, Private Health Insurance, Military Insurance, and Self Pay. Meritcare South University Chemical is a Alcohol Rehabilitation Center and Alcohol Detoxification Facility that can be contacted at (701) 461-5300.



Centre Inc
Centre Inc is a Alcohol Rehabilitation Facility and Alcohol Detoxification Facility located at 123 15th Street North Fargo, ND 58102
Centre Inc specializes in Women, and Criminal Justice Clients. Centre Inc provides these types of treament : Substance Abuse Services, Detox, Halfway Housing, Residential Short Term Treatment, and Residential Long Term Treatment. Centre Inc accepts these payment options : Self Pay. Centre Inc is a Alcohol Program Alcoholism Center that can be contacted at (701) 237-9340x15.



Consultation and Movement
Consultation and Movement is a Alcohol Rehab Center and Alcohol Detoxification Center located at 2109 3rd Street North Fargo, ND 58102
Consultation and Movement specializes in Teens, and DUI / DWI. Consultation and Movement provides these types of treament : Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services. Consultation and Movement accepts these payment options : Private Health Insurance, and Self Pay. Consultation and Movement is a Alcoholism Treatment Program and Alcohol Detoxification Center that can be contacted at (701) 232-5579.



Saint Alexius Outpt Behavioral Health
Saint Alexius Outpt Behavioral Health is a Alcohol Treatment Program and Alcohol Detox Center located at 311 North 11th Street Bismarck, ND 58506
Saint Alexius Outpt Behavioral Health specializes in Teens, Co-Occuring Mental Disorders and Substance Abuse, and Hearing Impaired. Saint Alexius Outpt Behavioral Health provides these types of treament : Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, and Day Treatment Services. Saint Alexius Outpt Behavioral Health accepts these payment options : Medicaid Insurance, Medicare Insurance, Private Health Insurance, Military Insurance, and Self Pay. Saint Alexius Outpt Behavioral Health is a Alcohol Rehabilitation Program and Alcohol Detoxification Facility that can be contacted at (701) 530-7212.



Alcohol Treatment Centers by City in South Dakota Listed Alphabetically:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y

Nearby Cities

Westport is 9.32 Miles from Columbia
Aberdeen is 13.09 Miles from Columbia
Claremont is 14.92 Miles from Columbia
Groton is 15.13 Miles from Columbia
Frederick is 17.96 Miles from Columbia
Hecla is 20.23 Miles from Columbia
Stratford is 20.27 Miles from Columbia
Warner is 21.69 Miles from Columbia
Wetonka is 22.10 Miles from Columbia
Langford is 23.23 Miles from Columbia
Andover is 24.15 Miles from Columbia
Pierpont is 24.60 Miles from Columbia
Verdon is 27.47 Miles from Columbia
Ludden is 28.89 Miles from Columbia
Ellendale is 28.91 Miles from Columbia
Britton is 29.74 Miles from Columbia
Leola is 31.19 Miles from Columbia
Brentford is 31.24 Miles from Columbia
Forbes is 32.31 Miles from Columbia
Bristol is 32.82 Miles from Columbia

Find Alcohol Rehab Centers in Major Cities Near Columbia, South Dakota:

Bismarck is 144.24 Miles from Columbia
Sioux Falls is 163.09 Miles from Columbia
St Cloud is 200.17 Miles from Columbia
Sioux City is 235.19 Miles from Columbia
Maple Grove is 238.41 Miles from Columbia
Plymouth is 239.31 Miles from Columbia
Minnetonka is 240.42 Miles from Columbia
Eden Prairie is 241.73 Miles from Columbia
Brooklyn Park is 243.54 Miles from Columbia
Coon Rapids is 244.65 Miles from Columbia
Minneapolis is 249.16 Miles from Columbia
Bloomington is 249.23 Miles from Columbia

Quick Drug Facts

Non-alcoholic beers average about 94 percent less alcohol and 58 percent fewer calories than regular beer.
In the year 1995, as many as 318 binge drinking deaths took place in the US and most of the people who died in these alcohol poisoning cases were from the age group of 15-24 years. Most of these deaths took place after a heavy dose of alcohol during a night binge.
Among high school seniors, whites are most likely and blacks least likely to be heavy drinkers.
Conformist Drinkers are driven by the need to belong and seek a structure to their lives. They are typically men aged 45 to 59 in clerical or manual jobs.
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